Gardening Ideas Plant Problems Garden Pests Beware Of The Alabama Red Wasp Keep your eyes peeled. By Patricia S York Patricia S York Patricia was the assistant food editor at Southern Living and worked with the Southern Living food team from 2006-2022. She contributed to articles about food, gardening, and pets. Southern Living's editorial guidelines Updated on May 30, 2023 Fact checked by Khara Scheppmann Fact checked by Khara Scheppmann Khara Scheppmann has 12 years of marketing and advertising experience, including proofreading and fact-checking. She previously worked at one of the largest advertising agencies in the southwest. brand's fact checking process Trending Videos Close this video player Photo: Don Johnston/Getty Images Ouch! Those intimately acquainted with the sting of Alabama's notorious red wasp know that they never want to encounter another. And who can blame them? Knowledge is power, so get to know this flying insect and you'll have a better chance of staying safe from its painful sting. The red wasp's scientific name is Polistes carolina, and it's one of two existing species of red paper wasps. According to National Geographic, "Generally, the brighter colored species are in the Vespidae, or stinging wasp, family." This proves true for P. carolina, which is a small, inch-long flying insect with a bright red body, dark wings, and a stinger that can pack a painful punch. Though they seem to have notably dense populations in Alabama (especially in the summertime when they're out in droves), many Southerners are well acquainted with red paper wasps because they can be found throughout the eastern United States. Fig Pie Red paper wasps tend to be more aggressive than other species of paper wasps, and the females of the species are the ones that sting. While some wasps are solitary, P. carolina is a social species. These wasps live in colonies, and there can be hundreds of individuals living in a single nest at one time. The wasps build their nests by breaking down plant and wood fibers to form a papery substance. That substance is shaped and, when dry, forms a honeycomb-celled structure the wasps then inhabit. They also can live in hollow portions of trees or beneath eaves and bridges. It's best to steer clear of this stinging pest. However, when wasps are on the move, stings happen. If you're stung, you can expect pain and swelling, which is often accompanied by itchiness. You should apply ice to counter the swelling and may find some relief by applying hydrocortisone cream. If, however, you are allergic to wasp stings or are prone to severe allergic reactions in general, you should seek professional medical care immediately. 14 Bugs That Look Scary But Are Actually Harmless For more information on the South's buzzworthy insects, check out the Grumpy Gardener's primer on giant hornets and polemic on yellow jackets. Beware! It only takes one sting to remind you that you never want another. Keep an eye out, and stay away from red wasps this season. Frequently Asked Questions How serious are red wasps? While painful, red wasp stings typically do not have lasting effects, according to Orkin. Red wasps—only the females—sting when provoked or to defend their nest, which can cause some people to have an allergic reaction to the venom. What are the signs of a red wasp infestation? Some signs of a red wasp infestation include a frequent buzzing noise, spotting wasps or their nests, and wood damage, including small holes or chewed wood and salvia. Was this page helpful? Thanks for your feedback! Tell us why! Other Submit Sources Southern Living is committed to using high-quality, reputable sources to support the facts in our articles. Read our editorial guidelines to learn more about how we fact check our content for accuracy. University of Arkansas, Arthropod Museum. Red wasp. NC State University, General Entomology. Social wasps. Johns Hopkins Medicine. Insect stings.